BLOOD OXYGEN & HEARTBEAT MONITOR

INTRODUCTION

Measurement of heart rate and pulse oximetry are very important factors to access the condition of the human cardiovascular system. An optical heart rate sensor measures pulse waves, which are changes in the volume of a blood vessel that occurs when the heart pumps blood. The heartbeat sensor is based on the principle of photoplethysmography. It measures the change in volume of blood through any organ of the body which causes a change in the light intensity through that organ (avascular region). The flow of blood volume is decided by the rate of heart pulses and since light is absorbed by the blood, the signal pulses are equivalent to the heartbeat pulses. A pulse oximeter is a small, lightweight device used to monitor the amount of oxygen carried in the body. Moreover, this non-invasive tool attaches painlessly to your fingertip, sending two wavelengths of light through the finger to measure your pulse rate and how much oxygen is in your system. In this project, we are intended to design a system that monitors the heartbeat and checks the blood-oxygen level simultaneously using a pulse oximeter system.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Sr. No	Paper Title	Author	Year of Publication	Key Finding	Research Gap/ Future scope
1.	Heart Rate Monitoring System	Mr. Ved Prakash, Mr. Manoj Kumar Pandey	2018 JETIR May 2018, Volume 5, Issue 5	According to the analysis done by the Author, Heart Rate can be monitored in two ways: one way is to manually check the pulse either at the wrists or neck and the other way is to use a Heartbeat Sensor. Pulse oximetry is used in this project to detect the heartbeat using fingers. This study used Both hardware and software components. The highlighted Hardware components are The fingertip sensor, Intel MCS-51 MICROCONTROLLER (8051), along with other components. The software includes coding of the microcontroller._[1]	EEG, ECG and other health parameters can also be monitored. • Continuous monitoring and future diagnosis can be performed via the same system (TELEMEDICINE). • More than a single patient at different places can be monitored using single system.
2.	Pulse oximeter-based monitoring system for people at risk	P. Szakacs-Simon, S.A. Moraru, L.Perniu	2012 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics (CINTI)	The authors purposed a low-cost mobile monitoring and alerting device, which communicate with a personal computer located in the range of a wireless or Bluetooth network and automatic analyze and record data into database for later review. the authors presented the hardware and software structure of the system, operation theory, implementing costs, power consumption, and experimental results involving adult persons._[2]	1)GSM Operated device 2) Automatic heartrate sensor

RESEARCH GAPS

Upon researching, we found multiple papers based on oxygen proximity sensors, heartbeat sensors, oxygen proximity and heart rate sensors, temperature sensors. Various technologies like waterproof systems, the non-invasive system was already implemented. The research gap is vast as this project is implemented in a very compact way, and is sustainable. There is a scope of various advancements that will be implemented in our proposed model. Above all, along with the compact model consisting of a heartbeat sensor and blood oximeter, we are further planning to add a touchless temperature sensor and a contactless sanitizer dispenser to the model as well.

PROBLEM DEFINITION

The fear of contracting Covid-19 may persist among citizens as there will be free movement of people and goods. This model can be used even post the pandemic situation for staying alert about any kind of health issues related to heartbeat and pulse. Monitoring body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure are the basic things that we do in order to keep ourselves healthy. The blood oxygen and heartbeat monitor can be used to detect the heartbeat and the oxygen level in the blood. Furthermore, this model can be used by anyone entering any premises that consist of many people leading to the risk of spreading the infection. This model can be used by patients or even normal citizens to maintain their healthy balance. This circuit will give a visual indication of the heartbeat and pulse rate along with oxygen quantity.

PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

To design a system that monitors the heart-beat and checks the blood-oxygen-level using a pulse oximeter. We intended to make the model using both hardware and software technology. The hardware technology includes the circuit connections of the Arduino system and the overall implementation, and the software technology consists of the development of the app, GSM Technology and coding system of the Arduino.

The further implementation procedures include a touchless temperature sensor and a contactless sanitizer dispenser model as well. Besides, this model can be used by anyone entering any premises that consist of many people leading to a risk of spreading the infection.

NOVELTY

The project is very useful considering the latest pandemic situation. While keeping in mind the protocol of safety measures and the growing amount of infected people, it has become important to keep checking body temperature and blood oxygen levels. Additionally, we have presented a model consisting of a blood oxygen and heartbeat monitor which is affordable and user-friendly. With just one touch of a fingertip, one can get blood oxygen level and heartbeats per minute on the OLED screen. It will not require any extra manual effort to check these symptoms.

EXPECTED OUTPUT

Using the blood oxygen & heartbeat monitor with just one touch of a fingertip, the person can get the blood oxygen level and heartbeats per minute on the OLED screen. Moreover, it will also detect the safe range of the pulse rates. It will not require any extra manual effort to check the symptoms by making it a completely user-friendly device.

CONCLUSION

Thus, we have shown the results of both hardware and simulation part of “Heartbeat rate monitoring system and oximeter sensor with data stored on the server”. Moreover, we have discussed the monitoring of heart rate which can be calculated within a fraction of seconds. ARDUINO software for programming purposes and output will be shown in the hardware part. This hardware is easy to handle and quite simple in its connections.

REFERENCES

Mr. Ved Prakash, Mr. Manoj Kumar Pandey, “Heart Rate Monitoring System”, 2018 JETIR May 2018, Volume 5, Issue 5, 2018
P. Szakacs-Simon, S.A.Moraru, L.Perniu, “Pulse Oximeter Based Monitoring System For People At Risk”, IEEE 13th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics (CINTI), 2012
Esrat Jahan, Tilottoma Barua, Umme Salma, “AN OVERVIEW ON HEART RATE MONITORING AND PULSE OXIMETER SYSTEM”, International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology Volume 3, Issue 5: Page No 148-152. September-October 2014.

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